Planck E PressCenter Articles
The Origin of the Elements
Date published: 2023-04-10
Date modified: 2023-04-10
Reading time: 00:01:03
“The cosmos is within us.”
Carl Sagan
The most important reaction that takes place on Earth is nuclear fusion. The process consists of two low A atomic nuclei forming a stable nucleus. Huh???? Low A? Let's see: low A nuclei are those with a large surface area in relation to their volume, which gives them great stability.
An excellent example of this stability is the Sun, where the thermal motion generated by the fusion of low A nuclei guarantees the production of energy.
According to the most widely accepted theory, this process begins with a period of compression of neutrons to a point of extreme density, where the Big Bang takes place, creating an electrically neutral universe.
Over time, the Doppler effect and very high temperatures shake the fundamental structures of these neutrons, which are transformed into protons, electrons, positrons, antineutrinos, and gamma rays.
In the equilibrium distribution at very high temperatures and for a short period of time, before the expansion of the Universe, helium is formed, while hydrogen originates from the β-decay of the initial neutrons into protons.
From the expansion, we will find an ultra-efficient thermal fusion, in an environment with a density of only 1 atom per cm3. It is in this environment that the combination of hydrogen (89%) and helium (10%) gives rise to chemical elements.
The stars? The fluctuation of the density of the primordial gas, where its increase favors agglomeration, and the stability derives from the increase of the agglomerated mass by gravitational attraction, which favors an increase in pressure and temperature which, exceeding 10,000,000K (ten million degrees Kelvin), favors the fusion of protons into a deuteron.
A deuteron guarantees the birth of a star.
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